A Modified MANOVA Model to Assess Water Quality

Abstract

The water quality of the Shatt Al-Arab River has worsened as a result of fast population expansion as well as industrial and agricultural activities. As a result, water purification services are a significant source of supply for the densely populated Basra area in Iraq. To analyze the geographical and temporal impacts of Basrah water quality, a two-way MANOVA analysis of the main components was performed using imbalance cell sizes and imbalance cell of covariance matrices. Factor A represents the spatial level, which has eight levels, while factor B represents the temporal level, which has two levels (dry and wet season). This study sampled water quality parameters (pH, Turbidity, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Calcium (Ca+2), Magnesium (Mg+2), Total Hardness (TH), Potassium (K+), Sodium (Na+), Sulphates (SO4-2), Chloride (Cl-), and Alkalinity) from the influence of eight water treating sites for the years from (2017 - 2019). The statistical results of the suggested model demonstrate significant geographical differences across stations. A significant difference was observed between stations with no source of pollution (Al- Shaebah and Al-Abbas) and stations located near sewage discharge outfalls (Al- Bradhiah, Al- Jubailah, and Garmmat Ali) and stations primarily affected by salinity intrusion from the Arabian Gulf into the Shatt Al-Arab River (Al- Bradhiah, Al- Jubailah, and Garmmat Ali) (Al- Labanie, Mhejran, Maheilah).